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Coral Reef Initiative Database
Marine Conservation Topics
Climate Change
Where noted, some referenced documents are available. To view a document, click on the hyperlink following the reference; hyperlinks will turn red when the mouse pointer is on them.
Ayre, D. J. and T. P. Hughes. 2004. Climate change, genotypic diversity and gene flow in reef-building corals. Ecology Letters 7(4):273-278.
Baker, AC. 2002. Ecology (Communication arising): Is coral bleaching really adaptive? Nature 415(6872):602.
Brown, BE. 1997. Coral bleaching: causes and consequences. Coral Reefs 16 Suppl: S129-S138.
Buddemeier, RW, JA Kleypas, and RB Aronson. 2004. Coral reefs & global climate change, potential contributions of climate change to stresses on coral reef ecosystems. Prepared for the Pew Center on Global Climate Change.
Carpenter, K. E., M. Abrar, G. Aeby, R. B. Aronson, S. Banks, A. Bruckner, A. Chiriboga, J. Cortés, J. C. Delbeek, L. DeVantier, G. J. Edgar, A. J. Edwards, D. Fenner, H. M. Guzmán, B. W. Hoeksema, G. Hodgson, O. Johan, W. Y. Licuanan, S. R. Livingstone, E. R. Lovell, J. A. Moore, D. O. Obura,D. Ochaillo, B. A. Polidoro, W. F. Precht, M. C. Quibilan, C. Roboton, Z. T. Richards, A. D. Rogers, J. Sanciangco, A. Sheppard, C. Sheppard, J. Smith, S. Stuart, E. Turak, J. E. N. Veron, C. Wallace, E. Weil, and E. Wood. 2008. One-third of reef-building corals face elevated extinction risk from climate change and local impacts. Science 321:560-563.
Chadwick-Furman, NE. 1996. Reef coral diversity and global change. Global Change Biology 2(6): 559-568.
Diaz-Pulido, G and LJ McCook. 2002. The fate of bleached corals: patterns and dynamics of algal recruitment. Marine Ecology Progress Series 232:115-128.
Done, TJ. 1999. Coral community adaptability to environmental change at the scales of regions, reefs, and reef zones. American Zoologist 39(1): 66-79.
Donner, S. D., T. R. Knutson and M. Oppenheimer. 2007. Model-based assessment of the role of human-induced climate change in the 2005 Caribbean coral bleaching event. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104(13):5483-5488.
Donner, S. D., W. J. Skirving, C. M. Little, M. Oppenheimer and O. Hoegh-Guldberg. 2005. Global assessment of coral bleaching and required rates of adaptation under climate change. Global Change Biology 11(12):2251-2265.
Glynn, PW. 1996. Coral reef bleaching: facts, hypotheses and implications. Global Change Biology 2(6): 495-509.
Goreau, TJ, R Hayes, A Strong, E Williams, G Smith, J Cervino, and M Goreau. 1998. Coral reefs and global change: impacts of temperature, bleaching, and emerging diseases. Sea Wind 12(3): 2-6.
Graham, N. A. J., S. K .Wilson, S. Jennings, N. V. C. Polunin, J. P. Bijoux and J. Robinson. 2006. Dynamic fragility of oceanic coral reef ecosystems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103(22):8425-8429.
Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority. 2007. Biophysical assessment of the reefs of Keppel Bay: a baseline study. April 2007. Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority. Townsville, Australia. 33pp.
Guinotte, JM, RW Buddemeier, and JA Kleypas. 2003. Future coral reef habitat marginality: temporal and spatial effects of climate change in the Pacific basin. Coral Reefs 22: 551-558.
Hoegh-Guldberg, O. 1999. Climate change, coral bleaching and the future of the world’s coral reefs. Marine and Freshwater Research 50(8): 839-866.
Hoegh-Guldberg, O., P. J. Mumby, A. J. Hooten, R. S. Steneck, P. Greenfield, E. Gomez, C. D. Harvell, P. F. Sale, A. J. Edwards, K. Caldeira, N. Knowlton, C. M. Eakin, R. Iglesias-Prieto, N. Muthiga, R. H. Bradbury, A. Dubi and M. E. Hatziolos. 2007. Coral reefs under rapid climate change and ocean acidification. Science 318(5857):1737-1742.
Hughes, TP, AH Baird, DR Bellwood, M Card, SR Connolly, C Folke, R Grosberg, O Hoegh-Guldberg, JBC Jackson, J Kleypas, JM Lough, P Marshall, M Nystrom, SR Palumbi, JM Pandolfi, B Rosen, and J Roughgarden. 2003. Climate change, human impacts, and the resilience of coral reefs. Science 301: 929-933.
Hughes, T. P., M. J. Rodrigues, D. R. Bellwood, D. Ceccarelli, O. Hoegh-Guldberg, L. McCook, N. Moltschawniwskyj, M. S. Pratchett, R. S. Steneck and B. Willis. 2007. Phase Shifts, Herbivory, and the Resilience of Coral Reefs to Climate Change. Current Biology 17(4): 360-365.
Jokiel, PL and EK Brown. 2004. Global warming, regional trends and inshore environmental conditions influence coral bleaching in Hawaii. Global Change Biology 10: 1627-1641.
Kleypas, J. A., R. W. Buddemeier, C. M. Eakin, J.-P. Gattuso, J. Guinotte, O. Hoegh-Guldberg, R. Iglesias-Prieto, P. L. Jokiel, C. Langdon, W. Skirving and A. E. Strong. 2005. Comment on “Coral reef calcification and climate change: the effect of ocean warming”. Geophysical Research Letters 32, L08601, doi:10.1029/2004GL022329.
Lesser, M. P. 2007. Coral reef bleaching and global climate change: can corals survive the next century? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104(13): 5259-5260.
Maynard, J. A., K. R. N. Anthony, P. A. Marshall and I. Masiri. 2008. Major bleaching events can lead to increased thermal tolerance in corals. Marine Biology 155:173-182.
McClanahan, TR, M Ateweberhan, CA Muhando, J Maina, and MS Mohammed. 2007. Effects of climate and seawater temperature variation on coral bleaching and mortality. Ecological Monographs 77(4):503-525.
McNeil, B. I., R. J. Matear and D. J. Barnes. 2004. Coral reef calcification and climate change: the effect of ocean warming. Geophysical Research Letters 31, L22309, doi:10.1029/2004GL021541.
Munday PL, Dixson DL, McCormick MI, Meekan M, Ferrari MCO, Chivers DP (2010) Replenishment of fish populations is threatened by ocean acidification. PNAS 107:12930-12934.
Pala, C. 2007. Palau combats coral bleaching. Science 316(5825):680.
Pittock, AB. 1999. Coral reefs and environmental change: adaptation to what? American Zoologist 39(1): 10-29.
Smith, SV and RW Buddemeier. 1992. Global change and coral reef ecosystems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 23: 89-118.
Stone, R. 2007. A world without corals? Science 316(5825):678.
Szmant, AM and NJ Gassman. 1990. The effects of prolonged “bleaching” on the tissue biomass and reproduction of the reef coral Montastrea annularis. Coral Reefs 8:217-224.
Vargas-Angel, B., E. C. Peters, E. Kramarsky-Winter, D. S. Gilliam and R. E. Dodge. 2007. Cellular reactions to sedimentation and temperature stress in the Caribbean coral Montastraea cavernosa. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 95(2): 140-145.
Wellington, GM, PW Glynn, AE Strong, SA Navarrete, E Wieters, and D Hubbard. 2001. Crisis on coral reefs linked to climate change. EOS 82(1): 1-7.
Westmacott, S., K. Teleki, S. Wells and J. M. West. 2000. Management of bleached and severely damaged coral reefs. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. vi + 37 pp.
Wilkinson, CR. 1996. Global change and coral reefs: impacts on reefs, economies, and human cultures. Global Change Biology 2(6): 547-558.
Visible Earth, NASA
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